DIRECTIONS OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF PRIORITY TYPES OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ON THE STRENGTHENING OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL COMPETITIVENESS OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY OF UKRAINE

Abstract

The article examines the directions of influence of the development of priority types of economic activity on strengthening the technological competitiveness of the national economy of Ukraine. It is substantiated that, along with the identification of strategically important sectors of the economy, particular importance is attached to the formation of effective mechanisms, instruments, and tools of state policy capable of ensuring the realization of their potential in strengthening the country’s technological development. It is shown that the logic of such influence is based on a consistent chain of interrelated processes: support for the development of priority sectors, scaling and commercialization of innovations and new technologies, growth of production productivity, and strengthening of the overall competitiveness of the economy at the micro-, meso-, and macrolevels. It is emphasized that in the conditions of military, technological, and globalization challenges, the formation of sectoral priorities allows the concentration of limited resources on those areas of economic activity that provide the greatest multiplier effect for the technological renewal of the economy. The key channels through which the development of priority sectors influences the strengthening of technological competitiveness of the national economy are identified. These include the stimulation of technological modernization of production, the formation of innovation ecosystems based on the interaction between science, education, business, and government, the development of value-added chains and intersectoral cooperation, the accumulation of investment resources for the implementation of technological projects, and the development of human capital. It is demonstrated that the implementation of these directions contributes to increasing the technological complexity of production, intensifying innovation activities, integrating the national economy into global value chains, and creating a favorable environment for the technological transformation of the economy. It is concluded that the development of priority sectors and types of economic activity serves as an important instrument of state structural policy and a key prerequisite for the long-term strengthening of the technological competitiveness of Ukraine’s economy.