COMPETITIVENESS OF ENTERPRISES OF THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

Abstract

The concept of enterprise competitiveness is interpreted as a multifaceted and dynamic economic category encompassing a company’s ability to effectively utilize resources, maintain stable market positions, and adapt to environmental changes. The literature review reveals three dominant analytical approaches—result-based, resource-based, and process-oriented—and emphasizes the necessity of a methodological framework that reflects the distinctive characteristics of the construction industry, such as high capital intensity, project complexity, and regulatory constraints.

The article presents a scientifically grounded methodological approach to assessing the competitiveness of construction enterprises in the context of economic instability and sectoral specificity. The relevance of the study is determined by the increasing complexity of the external environment and the strategic role of construction in regional and national economic development. The paper introduces an improved evaluation methodology based on the integration of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA), which allows for the aggregation of both quantitative and qualitative indicators into a unified competitiveness index. Indicators are grouped into five core domains: financial and economic, production and technological, human resources, innovation and marketing, and institutional-external. Key metrics include return on assets, liquidity, project execution time, staff turnover, innovation share in expenses, client loyalty, and success in public procurement. AHP provides expert-based weighting of indicators, while PCA reduces data dimensionality and highlights the most informative variables. This approach supports strategic decision-making, enables inter-company benchmarking, and facilitates dynamic monitoring of competitive positions. The proposed framework contributes to more effective competitiveness management in construction enterprises operating under volatile market conditions in Ukraine.