JUSTIFICATION OF RISKS IN AGRICULTURE AND WATER USE UNDER MODERN CONDITIONS

Abstract

This article is dedicated to studying agricultural and water use risks under the current economic conditions of agricultural enterprises. The research aims to comprehensively analyze risks in agriculture and water resource management during wartime, assess their impact on the agricultural sector, and justify approaches to minimizing their negative consequences.

The article examines the evolution of agricultural and water use systems, reflecting a gradual transition from empirical methods to scientifically based systems, from extensive to intensive resource use, and in modern conditions—to rational resource utilization through innovative technologies and sustainable agricultural practices. It has been determined that modern agricultural and water use systems are characterized by the rational use of water and land resources, the implementation of precision farming, water resource monitoring, digital technologies, environmentally safe farming methods, and resource optimization.

Existing approaches to classifying agricultural and water use risks have been analyzed. Based on the analysis, a systematization of Ukraine's agricultural and water use risks is presented, including natural, economic, social, environmental, political, and military threats. The key challenges faced by the agricultural sector due to military actions are substantiated, including mining agricultural lands, water pollution, destruction of agricultural and irrigation infrastructure, decline in land productivity, resource shortages, and workforce deficits.

The study justifies the necessity of applying modern approaches to risk management in agriculture and water use based on the principles of precision farming, digital technologies, and integrated agroecological management systems. Based on the findings, the article proposes directions for risk mitigation, including the implementation of adaptive farming technologies, monitoring, and management of soil and water conditions, the use of remote sensing systems and digital data analysis, and the expansion of government support programs and international assistance for the recovery of the agricultural sector.

The research findings can be used to develop strategies for agricultural production recovery, improve land resource management policies, and establish adaptation mechanisms for the agricultural sector to address modern challenges.