ORGANISATIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF METALLURGICAL CLUSTERS AND RESTORATION OF UKRAINE'S INDUSTRIAL POTENTIAL BASED ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF HYDROGEN TECHNOLOGIES

Abstract

The article is devoted to substantiating the directions of restoring the industrial potential of Ukraine and increasing the competitiveness of the metallurgical sector through the introduction of hydrogen technologies. The article analyses current trends in the development of the hydrogen economy, in particular, the creation of hydrogen clusters and their role in reducing the cost of hydrogen due to economies of scale and centralised logistics. The key advantages of the cluster approach for metallurgy are identified, including reduction of CO₂ emissions, energy efficiency and compliance with international environmental standards. Based on the analysis of the technical condition of enterprises, the article suggests optimal locations for the creation of a hydrogen cluster based on Metinvest Group's assets that have the necessary infrastructure for the integration of hydrogen technologies. Three scenarios for the implementation of the hydrogen cluster are proposed: basic (minimal investment), optimal (medium level of modernisation) and innovative (complete transformation of production). The economic efficiency of the project is calculated, including the expected amount of investment (EUR 2.0-2.5 billion), the projected payback period (8-10 years), and the main factors affecting financial sustainability. The article also considers the issues of hydrogen logistics and transportation, and suggests the use of specialised pipelines to reduce costs. Particular attention is paid to military risks and the need for additional security measures to ensure the stable operation of metallurgical enterprises in the context of military aggression. The organisational framework for the creation of metallurgical clusters was developed and presented in the form of a ten-year programme. The results of the study can be used to develop strategic programmes for the modernisation of Ukrainian metallurgy, attract foreign investment, and formulate state policy to support the hydrogen economy.