MILITARY TAX AND MILITARY BONDS AS A COMPONENTS OF BUDGET POLICY DURING MARTIAL STATE

Abstract

The article deals with the theoretical and practical basics of Ukraine's financial policy under martial law and before the start of open aggression in 2022. Emphasis is made on the key problems of the budget strategy of Ukraine in 2012-2022. It is argued that the budget policy at the studied stage was characterized by significant imbalances, both from the point of view of sources of income and from the point of view of financing budget expenditures. These deformations were especially pronounced in the sphere of budgetary financing of the national security and defense sector. Ignoring the real need for financial resources, the "residual" approach of security and defense sector financing, even the outright "anti-state" position of particular officials, caused the formation of a set of "bifurcation points" that significantly narrowed the state's ability to withstand internal and external challenges. As a result, with the beginning of the war's hot phase, the state's dependence on financing from external donors increased on a large scale. In this context, an analysis of the practice of using military tax and military bonds was carried out from the standpoint of the state's attempts to solve problems in state finances and to direct the received resources for security and defense. A critical approach to the assessment of the military tax and military bonds functioning in Ukraine made it possible to draw conclusions about the need to adjust state approaches in this area, including taking into account the tasks that our state will face in the post-war period. It was determined that in the future, considering the national security and defense sector development, the state should use a wide range of instruments to fill the state budget and make budget financing of the security and defense sphere an undisputed priority.