ECONOMIC POTENTIAL OF RECONSTRUCTION OF UKRAINIAN ENTERPRISES

Abstract

The post-war reconstruction of Ukraine’s economy and its enterprises is a key factor in national stability and long-term development. The economic potential of reconstruction is determined by the set of production, financial, human and institutional resources that can be mobilized to restore the activities of enterprises in different industries and regions. The priority of such measures depends on the scale of destruction, the sectoral structure of the regional economy, the level of security, access to financial resources and infrastructure, as well as social conditions. The regional specificity of reconstruction is critical for the effective use of existing potential. The western regions demonstrate relatively preserved production assets and a high level of adaptability of the business environment, which contributes to the rapid restoration of small and medium-sized enterprises and the development of innovative sectors. The central regions, concentrating heavy industry and machine-building enterprises, require significant capital investments and modernization of production capacities, but have the potential for integration into national and international production chains. The southern and eastern regions, which have suffered the greatest destruction of infrastructure and production, require comprehensive state and international support, a combination of state subsidies, loans, grants and incentives to attract private investment. The northern regions and the city of Kyiv play the role of stabilizing centers, providing logistical, financial and personnel support for other regions. To assess the economic potential of enterprises, complex methods are used that integrate financial, production, human and institutional resources. The main approaches include multifactor potential indices, SWOT and PESTEL analyses, econometric modeling and comparative analysis. These methods allow determining investment priorities, forecasting production volumes and assessing the efficiency of resource use. The regional and sectoral specifics of reconstruction determine the priority of investments and state support. In the western regions, the priority is the agro-industrial complex, food industry and IT sector, in the central regions - heavy industry and mechanical engineering, in the southern and eastern regions - port logistics, shipbuilding and metallurgy, in the northern regions - agro-industrial complex and light industry. Kyiv serves as a strategic center of financial, logistics and innovation resources. Such a regional and sectoral distribution of priorities ensures optimization of the restoration of production capacities and the maximum multiplier effect for the national economy. Investment and institutional policy should be adaptive and differentiated, taking into account security, social and economic aspects. This involves the provision of state subsidies, grants, soft loans, incentives for private investment and international assistance in accordance with regional and sectoral priorities. Social measures should ensure the preservation of jobs and the stabilization of incomes, and security measures should ensure the control of critical facilities and the protection of investments. Thus, the economic potential of the reconstruction of Ukrainian enterprises forms the basis of strategic planning for the country's post-war development. A comprehensive assessment of resources and priorities, integration of public, private and international investments allow to increase the effectiveness of the recovery and ensure long-term sustainability of the economy.