MOTIVATION OF SCIENTIFIC AND TEACHING EMPLOYEES: EXPERIENCE OF EUROPEAN COUNTRIES

Abstract

Motivation of academic staff is a key factor in ensuring high quality of the educational process and development of innovations in the field of science and education. The article highlights the economic aspect of motivation, which affects the effectiveness of professional activity of employees in the educational sphere. The article analyses modern methods of economic motivation of teachers in different countries, in particular in the context of reforming the education system in Ukraine. The relationship between the level of material support of employees and their productivity, as well as its impact on the formation of a positive attitude towards innovation, is determined. The key factors that contribute to increasing motivation are identified, in particular, reward systems, allowances, grant programmes and support for professional development. The problems of insufficient financial support for teachers and inequality in remuneration are highlighted. The author emphasises the need for differentiated approaches to remuneration, taking into account the qualifications, experience and achievements of employees. The experience of European countries in creating effective systems of economic incentives based on the principles of transparency, fairness and efficiency is considered. Different models of economic incentives used in scientific and educational institutions are compared. Recommendations on the introduction of incentive tools aimed at achieving the strategic goals of educational institutions are provided. A model of integration of tangible and intangible incentives in the context of increasing the attractiveness of the profession of science is developed. The practical results and theoretical conclusions that can be used for further reform of the educational system are summarised. It is recommended to apply a comprehensive approach to solving the problems of employee motivation, which includes both economic and psychosocial aspects. The importance of economic motivation as a basis for sustainable development of education and science is summarised.