ANALYSIS OF STATE SUPPORT OF NATURE PROTECTION MEASURES: PROBLEMS OF FINANCING BUDGET PROGRAMS

Abstract

The article delves into the intricacies surrounding financing environmental protection programs within Ukraine’s budget framework. It identifies several problems that can arise, including: 1) the limited allocation of funds for environmental programs is impeding progress; 2) funding fluctuations causing unpredictability in project planning and execution; 3) the cost-effectiveness of environmental programs is often hindered by inappropriate allocation of funds, bureaucratic obstacles, and corruption, leading to low efficiency; 4) lack of transparency and proper financial accounting leads to trust issues and difficulties in monitoring performance; 5) the limited engagement of businesses and the public in environmental programs underscores the critical need for active participation from business entities and NGOs in financing and executing these projects; 6) absence of an incentive system, such as tax benefits or other incentives for participation,  limiting interest from other sectors in supporting environmental measures; 7) the inadequate response to environmental challenges results in certain environmental issues persisting due to underfunding, primarily caused by the absence of a practical approach to addressing these challenges; 8) funding for specific programs may be reduced or increased due to political developments, such as changes in government or funding policies; 9) unpredictable economic climate affecting fund availability due to budget reductions or increased demand for social programs; 10) ineffective planning and forecasting; 11) risks associated with corruption. The article also details capital investments in environmental protection across various areas. To solve these problems, it is essential to prioritise three actions: enhancing the budget process, implementing efficient control mechanisms, and improving transparency and accountability in managing financial resources.