SMART-CONCEPT OF INNOVATIVE SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT: EXPERIENCE OF DEVELOPED COUNTRIES

Abstract

The article examines the world experience in the formation and implementation of the Smart concept of spatial innovative development. The components and indicators of the European model of «Smart City» have been studied and the main indicators have been identified: «open», «innovative», «smart». Examples of implementation of the Smart City model in different countries of the world are presented. The experience of creation and functioning of smart cities in Norway, Finland, Denmark, Sweden, Canada, the USA and other developed countries.

The main modern accents of «smart cities» are defined: the use of new technologies, digital solutions for the benefit of its residents and businesses, new technical solutions in the field of electricity supply, water supply, resource accounting, waste disposal, as well as the creation of an efficient transport system and the construction of so-called "smart" buildings, telecommunications, satellite communications, satellite high-speed data transmission systems, blockchain technologies, LED technologies, projects related to cooling, landscaping, park areas, and in northern cities with lighting, providing heat, caring for the environment and communication between people, etc.

It is signed that some elements of the «smart city» are also being introduced in Ukraine: intelligent traffic lights, automation of traffic control, video surveillance and mini-stations for measuring the concentration of harmful substances, the formation of urban identity and the construction of the «brand» of the city/region, the involvement of mega-pods scientific, innovative, knowledge-oriented, etc. Spatial development is a complex process that includes urbanism, security, logistics, and efficient use of community assets. It reflects the reality and available resources, which allows to ensure the progressive development of the object through the detection and selection (respectively and design) of reliable events through a certain organization of its interaction with other objects.

It was concluded that the purpose of implementing the smart concept of innovative spatial development is openness, interaction, and the formation of long-term mutually beneficial partnerships. It was emphasized that interaction resources are precisely the asset that allows local self-government bodies to transform their development into an innovative concept, to establish partnership relations between local self-government bodies and all target audiences, to organize the protection of stakeholders' interests, to involve citizens themselves in financing the development program of their city or region, effective use of local resources and local infrastructure formation.