STIMULATE THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY: TAX ASPECT

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to determine the role of tax incentives in the construction of an effective system of taxation of the construction industry, and to analyze its content. The mechanism of tax incentives is considered as a system of levers, forms, methods, instruments of state influence aimed at stimulating the economic and financial activity of taxpayers and increasing its efficiency by changing taxes and taxation. The content and forms of tax incentives are revealed: tax incentives involve the application of a policy of low taxes, the level of the tax burden and the rates of individual taxes, as well as the application of tax benefits and preferences. The main purpose of tax incentives is to influence the economy of the state in priority directions for its development. A component of the formation and implementation of the system of tax incentives for the construction industry is the implementation of obligations to ensure the priority development of this sector of the national economy. The policy of tax incentives is mainly implemented through the use of tax benefits. The second important lever is special taxation regimes.

The structure of the system of taxation of subjects of the construction sector of residential real estate is defined, the peculiarities of payment of individual taxes are characterized. The basis of the formation of tax revenues from construction enterprises is the definition and calculation of the indicators of the tax base of a specific tax. Considering the method of calculating taxes, it can be seen that the same economic indicators, including the taxes and fees themselves, are part of the tax base with different taxes. Attention is drawn to the fact that Ukraine does not provide for a separate system of taxation of the construction industry, but features for the administration of individual taxes are provided for, in particular, income tax and VAT.

The areas of improvement of the taxation system of construction companies are substantiated based on the analysis of the current tax legislation and industry economic indicators. A new content of the tax incentive tool - a tax benefit - is proposed, namely the reduction of the income tax rate by 50% and the application of a special taxation regime through the creation of special economic zones in certain territories for the implementation of investment projects.